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Thursday, July 29, 2010

Return of the Illuminati

Another secret organization, which rumored to control world affairs are the Illuminati.

They are believed to be the masterminds behind events that will lead to the establishment of a New World Order.

This movement was founded in Bavaria, sometime during the 18th century by a group of free thinkers.
Some claimed that the group at that time was behind the French Revolution.

It is said that the order is modeled to some extent on Freemasonry, and many Illuminati chapters drew membership from existing Masonic Lodges.

Many theories suggest that world events are being controlled and manipulated by a secret society calling itself the Illuminati.

Conspiracy Theories have claimed that many notable people were and are members of the Illuminant, including Sir Winston Churchill, The Bush Family, Barack Obama, Gordon Brown and many others.
United States President Obama meets former Bri...

Slowly we see thees of the Illuminati coming back in our popular culture.
Reference to this organization appear extensively now in various print works, movies, TV Shows, Video Games, Comic Books as well as in trading cards and role playing games.

They are believed to have strong influence on the music and film industries, and that some stars are heavily used by them.

And because they control the International Bankers, the chosen to be musicians or actors/actresses etc.. have the chance to penetrate the industry with arranged money. They name few like Jay-Z, Rhianna, Bob Dylan, Beatles, Nas, Eminem, Led Zepplin, Beyonce, Lady Gaga etc..
Lady Gaga show

It is said that most Hip Hop artists who managed to be successful and became famous, are controlled by the Illuminati. They are all singing the same topics, and promoting a brand new culture to eventually create a society of the New World Order, which people will receive with open arms.

So who are the Illuminati?

According to Vernon Stauffer, The Illuminati believes that Jesus Christ is the Grand Master of the Illuminati, and the pure religion of Christ, which, had degenerated into asceticism and become become a school of fanaticism and intolerance. was pronounced a doctrine of reason, converted into a religion for no other purpose than to make it more efficacious.

Conrad thinks that if the bible was the holy book of the Christian enlightenment, then the Encyclopedia was the inspiration of the Enlightenment.

The Encyclopedia bore the imprints of Voltaire, Montesque, Rousseau, Buffon, Turgot and others.

Gracing the title page of Diderot's compendium in the first edition was a drawing of Lucifer, symbol of light and rebellion, standing beside the masonic symbols of square and compass.

Conrad also believes that  so many of the ideas of the Enlightenment were actually instituted in America. It has been said that Europe conceptualized the Enlightenment, whereas America, with the establishment of an "enlightened republic", realized it.

On the so called Illuminati Order web page, the Order is described as evolved into a global network that promotes a general knowledge and acceptance of the concept of individual rights and the proper role of government as protector of these rights.

on the same web page they announce that it is time to act against the misconceptions and disinformation, and they aim to set the record straight by using the site to reveal the true nature of the Illuminati Order.

The Illuminati admit of being a secret society, however they say that it is not as secret as it is required to be.

They admit to take "Secrecy" and "Privacy" very seriously, and vowed to make any internal changes that they deem appropriate and necessary.

On the so called, their official web site they state that The Order considers to take the world to a New Order independent of ideologies and religions.
the illuminati & the new world order

The website claims that the world in its current conjuncture is declared insolvent and socially dis-adaptive, and consequently can only bring hunger, war and terrorism and the basic values are wiped out. Hence they see that the "Corrupted Factors" of this declining world must be destroyed.

Of-course the Annuit Coeptis Pyramid and eye is on the head of their web site.

During the 20th century, many statesmen, such as Wilson and Winston Churchill, used the term "new world order" to refer to a new period of history evidencing a dramatic change in world political thought and the balance of power after World War I and World War II.
Prime Minister Winston Churchill gives the &qu...

They all saw these periods as opportunities to implement idealistic or liberal proposals for global governance  only in the sense of new collective efforts to identify, understand, or address worldwide problems that go beyond the capacity of individual nation-states to solve.

These proposals led to the creation of international organizations, such as the United Nations and NATO.

In the aftermath of the two World Wars, progressives welcomed these new international organizations and regimes but argued they suffered from a democratic deficit and therefore were inadequate to not only prevent another global war but also foster global justice.

During the Red Scare of 1947–1957, conspiracy theorists of the American secular and Christian right increasingly embraced and mongered unfounded fears of Freemasons, Illuminati, and Jews being the driving force behind an "international communist conspiracy".
The threat of world communism in the form of a state atheistic and bureaucratic collectivist world government, demonized as a "Red Menace", therefore became the main focus of apocalyptic millenarian conspiracism.

There are numerous systemic conspiracy theories  through which the concept of a New World Order is viewed.

For over 2,000 years, apocalyptic millenarian Christian theologians and laymen have feared a globalist conspiracy as the fulfillment of prophecies about the "end time" in the Bible, specifically in the Book of Ezekiel, the Book of Daniel, the Olivet discourse found in the Synoptic Gospels, and the Book of Revelation.

They assert that human and demonic agents of the Devil are involved in a primordial plot to deceive humanity into accepting a satanic world theocracy that has the Unholy Trinity—Satan, the Antichrist and the False Prophet—at the core of an imperial cult.

In many contemporary Christian conspiracy theories, the False Prophet will either be the last pope of the Catholic Church (groomed and installed by an Alta Vendita or Jesuit conspiracy) or a guru from the New Age movement or even the leader of a fundamentalist Christian organization like The Fellowship, while the Antichrist will either be the president of the European Union or the secretary-general of the United Nations or even a supercomputer.

Anti-Masonic conspiracy theorists believe that "high-ranking" Freemasons are involved in conspiracies to create an occult New World Order.

Freemasons denied these allegations, and confirmed themselves a non political organization, but rather taches its members to be of high moral charcters and active citizens.

In the 20th Century, what was described as a conspiracy theory against the Illuminati, claimed that it was a subversive secret society which serves the Jewish elites that supposedly popped up both Finance Capitalism and Soviet Communism in order to divide and rule the world.

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is an antisemitic canard, originally published in Russian in 1903, alleging a Judaeo-Masonic conspiracy to achieve world domination.

The Protocols reflect themes similar to more general critiques of Enlightenment liberalism by conservatives who support monarchies and state religions.
Serge Nilus, Published The Protocols in 1905

The interpretation intended by the publication of The Protocols is that if one peels away the layers of the Masonic conspiracy, past the Illuminati, one finds the rotten Jewish core.

Thus, New Age conspiracy theorists, such as the makers of documentary films like Zeitgeist, the Movie and Esoteric Agenda, claim that globalists who plot on behalf of the New World Order are simply misusing occultism for Machiavellian  ends, such as adopting 21 December 2012 as the exact date for the establishment of the New World Order in order to take advantage of the growing 2012 phenomenon, which has its origins in the fringe Mayanist theories of New Age writers José Argüelles, Terence McKenna, and Daniel Pinchbeck.
Zeitgeist (The Smashing Pumpkins album)

Skeptics argue that the connection of conspiracy theorists and occultists follows from their common fallacious premises. First, any widely accepted belief must necessarily be false. Second, counter knowledge—what the Establishment spurns—must be true.

The result is a large, self-referential network in which, for example, UFO religionists promote anti-Jewish phobias while anti-Semites claim direct reception of prophetic material: the voice of the Meso-American deity Quetzalcoatl.

Conspiracy theorists concerned with surveillance abuse believe that the New World Order is being implemented by the cult of intelligence at the core of the surveillance-industrial complex through mass surveillance and the use of Social Security numbers, the bar-coding of retail goods with Universal Product Code markings, and, most recently, RFID tagging via microchip implants.

Skeptics warn that some consumer privacy advocates, who claim that corporations and government are planning to track every move of consumers and citizens with RFID.

They believe "spy-chips" must be resisted because they argue that modern database and communications technologies, coupled with point of sale data-capture equipment and sophisticated ID and authentication systems, now make it possible to require a bio-metrically associated number or mark to make purchases.

They fear that the ability to implement such a system closely resembles the Number of the Beast prophesied in the Book of Revelation.

In January 2002, the Information Awareness Office (IAO) was established by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to bring together several DARPA projects focused on applying information technology to counter asymmetric threats to national security.

Following public criticism that the development and deployment of these technologies could potentially lead to a mass surveillance system, the IAO was defended by the United States Congress in 2003.

The second source of controversy involved IAO’s original logo, which depicted the "all-seeing" Eye of Providence atop of a pyramid looking down over the globe, accompanied by the Latin phrase Scientia est Potentia (knowledge is power).

Although DARPA eventually removed the logo from its website, it left a lasting impression on privacy advocates.

It also inflamed conspiracy theorists, who misinterpret the "eye and pyramid" as the Masonic symbol of the Illuminati, that is plotting on behalf of a New World Order.

In his 11 September 1990 Toward a New World Order speech to a joint session of the U.S. Congress, President George H. W. Bush described his objectives for post-Cold-War global governance in cooperation with post-Soviet states:
President George W. Bush addresses a crowd of ...

"Until now, the world we’ve known has been a world divided—a world of barbed wire and concrete block, conflict and cold war. Now, we can see a new world coming into view. A world in which there is the very real prospect of a new world order. In the words of Winston Churchill, a "world order" in which "the principles of justice and fair play ... protect the weak against the strong ..." A world where the United Nations, freed from cold war stalemate, is poised to fulfill the historic vision of its founders. A world in which freedom and respect for human rights find a home among all nations."

The New York Times observed that progressives were calling the new world order a rationalization for American imperial ambitions in the Middle East, while conservatives rejected new security arrangements altogether and fulminated about any possibility of U.N. revival. However, Chip Berlet, an American investigative reporter specializing in the study of right-wing movements in the U.S., writes:

"When President Bush announced his new foreign policy would help build a New World Order, his phrasing surged through the Christian and secular hard right like an electric shock, since the phrase had been used to represent the dreaded collectivist One World Government for decades. Some Christians saw Bush as signaling the End Times betrayal by a world leader. Secular anticommunists saw a bold attempt to smash US sovereignty and impose a tyrannical collectivist system run by the United Nations."

If Barack Obama is also an Illuminati, then his talks about the New World Order, disguised or not, is a continuation in the spirit but different in the mechanics.
2007-2009 World Financial Crisis

What we have seen of great financial crisis last year and the struggle between Banks, Democrats and Republicans on how to solve the problem. And further how the whole world was affected in the same manner, might tell us that there was a crucial change in the systems and tools...but not in the politics.

Maybe the Illuminati crisis couple centuries ago is repeating itself.

So where is the truth amongst all this?

I do not know...

If some one knows, kindly educate...

Sami Cherkaoui
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Wednesday, July 28, 2010

Makkah Clock - A New World Timing

In few days and by the start of Ramadan, the new Makkah Clock will ring its first rings, which can geographically heard within 7 kilometers radius, but as a time indication, it will be heard by all Muslim World at first then by the whole world.
Makkah Clock will be far accurate than Big Ben in timing and bigger in structure.
LONDON, ENGLAND - JULY 11:  A projection on St...
The Tower which is also a hotel building have 76 storeys of about 600 meters high, and will feature a 400-meter clock which is 5 times larger than Big Ben.

Combined, the two parts of the tower will be only roughly 11 meters shorter than Dubai's Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest tower at 828 meters.

Even the concrete section of the Mecca Royal Clock Tower would be taller than the current second-tallest building in the world, the 508-meter (1,676-foot) Taipei 101 in Taiwan.
Makkah Royal Clock will announce the 5 times daily praying time of the Muslim World, the Lunar Observation Center and an Islamic Museum.

The Clock has 4 faces at each side of the Tower, including 2 main clocks that are 80 meters high, which show the name of God, and are 65 meters wide with a 39 meters diameter.

The other 2 Clocks are placed 65 meters high and have approximately 34 meters wide with a 25-meter diameter.

On completion the tower will be the tallest in the world — taller than the Warsaw Palace of Culture and Science in Poland’s capital city, London’s Big Ben, Rajabai Clock Tower in Mumbai and the Allen-Bradley Clock Tower in Milwaukee, US.
Two elevators are put to take visitors to the surrounding balcony below the four clocks.
The Makkah Clock Tower overlooks the Holy Mosque that has been chosen as the World's highest clock, is also one of the world's largest construction projects, and is rated as the largest architectural building.

It is designed using Islamic Architecture and contains 7 adjacent towers, with 6000 housing units and has over 3B U.S Dollars in investment.

Abraj Al Bait (Towers of Kaaba), as its official name called, is located across the street to the south from the an entrance to the Masjid Al Haram, which houses the Kaaba, the holiest place in Islam.
Kaaba, scientifically is proven to be located in the very center of Earth.

And this fact might add an additional importance to Makkah Clock with respect to World Timing.
makkah
Makkah Clock will be tied with the biggest timing centers in the world including London, Paris, New York and Tokyo.

And it will certainly put Makkah Time in the face of Greenwich Mean Time.

Sami Cherkaoui

Monday, July 26, 2010

Freemasonry and Solomon's Temple

King Solomon was the son of David and recognized as a Prophet in the three main religions, Islam, Christianity and Judaism.

He is also a legendary figure, a hero, a wiseman and extremely rich.

So many stories told about his unique character, described him as a magician or with special powers that enable him put genies and demons under his control.
Also his ability to talk to birds and animals and employ them as part of his strong army.

Solomon finished what his father David started, building the Temple of Jerusalem, what the Jews consider as an abode for the Ark of Convenient.
Solomon builds the temple
However Solomon built around the Temple, several other buildings and other sites for the defense of the city.

Since no excavations so far were able to find any remains of the Temple, it remained a mystic place as mysterious as it builder King Solomon.
References to the construction of King Solomon's temple at Jerusalem have been included in the rituals of the operative Freemasons since ancient times.

In his Revelations of the Square, Rev Dr George Oliver, who studied and wrote on all aspects of speculative Freemasonry, wrote that the Freemasons adopted the Temple of Solomon for its symbol, because it was the most magnificent structure that ever existed...The temple, he says, denotes reason and intelligence.

Masonic scholars, the Freemasons trace their roots to the building of King Solomon’s Temple in Jerusalem and claim the builders of the temple were the original stonemasons, and the forefathers of today’s Freemasons.

The legend centers on the master builder—a man named Hiram Abiff—who claimed to know the secret of the temple.

One day, three men kidnapped Abiff and threatened to kill him if he didn’t reveal that secret. When he refused to talk, Abiff was murdered.
After learning of the killing, King Solomon ordered a group of Masons to search for Abiff’s body and bring back the secret of the temple.

The men were unsuccessful, so the King established a new Masonic secret.

His secret is believed to be the word “Mahabone,” meaning “the Grand Lodge door opened,” which is now the password used to enter the third degree of Masonry.

Or so the story says....

However, it seems that Freemasonry uses the metaphors of operative stonemasons' tools and implements, against the allegorical backdrop of the building of King Solomon's Temple, to convey what has been described by both Masons and critics as "a system of morality veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols.
Nordic Lodge at Mt Bachelor, Bend
The symbolism of the Temple  of Solomon is central in Masonry, so much so that, in some Nordic lodges, the Great Master bears the title of Vicarius Salomonis.
Tray with Seal of Solomon
The six pointed star, also called 'Seal of Solomon', is found among the main Masonic emblems.

In Masonry, Hiram is conceived of as the builder of the Temple of Solomon, treacherously assassinated by his three companions, who wanted to drag the secret of the art of builders out of him and hide away the corpse.

Any Mason admitted at the ceremony of the third grade is seen as Hiram found again, which is to say reborn, who through this rebirth, rises to the dignity of Master of the sect.

So, why all these secrets?

Why Freemasonry is a secret society or a societ with secrets?
Why they are so successful that most American and World Rulers are Freemasons?

What do they really control, and how?
US Silvercert1

Why their signs are on the American Dollar?

What is their link with religions?

What do they want to achieve?

Sami Cherkaoui
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Saturday, July 24, 2010

Freemasonry in History, Myth and Religion.



The origin of the Freemasons is fairly attributed to King Solomon and the construction of the Temple of Jerusalem, or Euclid of Alexandria who is referred to as the Father of Geometry; his Elements is one of the most influential works in the history of Mathematics.
An old Past Master of University Lodge

The collar jewel of each Freemason Past Master, and just below the square, there is a curious shape that looks like an odd "Y" consisting of three differently sized squares. This is known as Euclid's 47th Theorem, which in brief states that the longest side of a triangle, squared is equal to the squares of the other two sides.

Freemason's origin could also be related to Pythagoras, who founded a school known as Pythagorianism, and his students seemed to be formed into a mystical society known as the Order of Pythagoras.
Like the Freemasons' Order, the Order of Pythagoras has three degrees of membership: Novices - Nomothets and Mathematicians.

He believed that odd numbers are males and even numbers are females, and he considered odd numbers as masters and therefore male numbers.

The Scottish Rite freemasons write ‘there is a point within a circle round which a Mason cannot err; this circle is bounded between North and South by two grand parallel lines, the one representing Moses, the other King Solomon’. Which is a reference to the solstice sun.  So according to the freemasons, Moses must be equalled to the solstice sun!

In the book Exodus a "Pillar Cloud" is mentioned that guided Moses out of the desert during daytime, and a "pillar of fire" that accompanied him by night.

The pillars themselves appear in three styles ‘Doric’, ‘Ionic’ and ‘Corinthian’ representing Wisdom Strength and Beauty that are the attributes of the pillars that support a Scottish Rite freemason’s Lodge. According to the website they also represent Solomon King of Israel, Hiram, King of Tyre and Hiram Abif.

The astronomical significance of Moses (representing the Sun) is revealed while he ascends mount Sinai on his way to receive the Ten Commandments from God.

Freemasons are also thought to be linked with The Essenes, who were a Jewish religious group lived in Judea and believed to be the last generation of the last generations and anticipated Teacher of Righteousness, Aaronic High Preist and High Guard Messiah, similar to the Prophet, Priest and King expectations of the Pharisees.
Jesus from the Deesis Mosaic
Some believed that Jesus has been an Essene because many of the precepts of the New Testiment are to be found among the laws of this sect.

Like Freemasons, they instructed the young member in the knowledge, which they derived from their ancestors. They admitted no women into their order.

They also had particular signs for recognizing each other, which have strong resemblence to those of the Freemasons.

They had colleges and places of retirement, where they resorted to practice their their rights and settle their affairs of the society.

Freemasons are also thought to be the intellectual descendants of Noah.
IN reality, there is no Legend of Noah to be found in any of the Masonic Rituals. There is no myth, like that of Enoch or Euclid, which intimately connects him with the legendary history of the institution. And yet the story of his life has exercised a very important influence in the origin and the development of the principles of Speculative Masonry.

The influence of Noah upon Masonic doctrine is to be traced to the almost universal belief of men in the events of the deluge, and the consequent establishment in many nations of a system of religion known to ethnologists as the "Arkite worship." Of this a brief notice must be taken before to proceed to investigate the connection of the name of Noah with Speculative Masonry.

Noah, under whatever name he may have been known, would have been among the first to whom divine honors would be paid. Hence arose that system known to modern scholars as the "Arkite worship," in whose rites and mysteries, which were eventually communicated to the other ancient religions, there were always some allusions to the events of the Noachic flood to the ark, as the womb of Nature, to the eight persons saved in it, as the ogdoad or sacred number-and to the renovation of the world, as symbolizing the passage from death to immortal life.
Noah’s Flood (image by Uriel Vidal)
It is not, therefore, surprising that Noah should have become a mystical personage, and that the modern Speculative Masons should have sought to incorporate some reference to him in their symbolic system, though no such idea appears to have been entertained by the Operative Masons who preceded them.

On examining the old records of the Operative Masons it will be found that no place is assigned to Noah, either as a Mason or as one of the founders of the " science."

In the Cooke MS. the record is a little more extended, but still is but an historical narrative of the flood, in accordance with the biblical details.

NYC - Metropolitan Museum of Art - Marble stat...
In the Dowland MS. and in all the other manuscripts of the Legend of the Craft that succeeded it, the reference to Noah is exceedingly meager, his name only being mentioned, and that of his sons, from whom descended Hermes, who found one of the pillars and taught the science thereon described to other men.

Anderson, who, in the Book of Constitutions modified and enlarged the old Craft Legends at his pleasure, calls Noah and his three sons "all Masons true," and says that they brought over from the flood the traditions and arts of the antediluvian and communicated them to their growing offspring. And this was perhaps the first time that the Patriarch was presented to the attention of the Fraternity in a Masonic character.

After Noah's emergence from the ark, he is said to have promulgated seven precepts for the government of the new race of men of whom he was to be the progenitor.

These seven precepts are : 1, to do justice; 2, worship God; 3, abstain from idolatry ; 4, preserve chastity ; 5, do not commit murder; 6, do not steal ; 7, do not eat the blood.

Anderson had, however, a particular object in the use of the word "Noachida." The Krause MS. says that the Mason "must obey the laws of the Noachites ; " that is, that he is to observe the seven precepts of Noah, without being required to observe any other religious dogmas outside of these-a matter which is left to himself.

The object of Anderson in introducing this word into the second edition of the Constitutions was to sustain his theory that Noah was the founder of the science of Freemasonry after the flood.

Knights TemplarFreemasonry is also affiliated with knights Templar, which is a phianthropic chivalric order. this affiliation is based on texts that indicated persecuted Templar found refuge within the safety of Freemasonry.

The Knights Templar is the final order joined in the York Rite, and the only not to deal with Hiramic Legend. Also unlike other Masonic bodies which only require a belief in a Supreme Being regardless of religion, membership in the Knights Templar is open only to Christian Masons who have completed their Royal Arch and in some jurisdictions their Cryptic degrees.

The York Rite or American Rite is one of several Rites of the worldwide fraternity known as Freemasonry.

Throughout history it has been claimed that Freemasonry itself was founded by the Knights Templar or that the Knights Templar took refuge in Freemasonry after their persecution.

The Knights Templar confer three orders, and one passing order as opposed to the standard degree system found elsewhere in Freemasonry:
The Illustrious Order of the Red Cross
The Passing Order of St. Paul, (or the Mediterranean Pass)
The Order of the Knights of Malta (or simply Order of Malta)
The Order of the Temple

A Seal of the Knights Templar, who founded the...
When operating outside of the York Rite membership is by invitation and candidates are required to be Master Masons, holders of the degree of the Holy Royal Arch and to sign a declaration that they profess the Doctrine of the Holy and Undivided Trinity

There are other lesser-known theories, such as:

Freemasonry is an administrative arm of the Priory of Sion.
Freemasonry is the intellectual descendants of the Roman Collegia.
Freemasonry is the intellectual descendant of the Comacine masters.
Freemasonry had its beginnings particularly in the German Steinmetzen, or the French Compagnonage.
Freemasonry was created by Francis Bacon, Oliver Cromwell, or the Stuart Pretenders to the British Crown.

The Middle Eastern conflict and Freemasonry are uniquely tied together, it all evolves around and is correlated to King Solomon (1024-967 B.C.E), the son of King David (1107-1007 B.C.E), the Holy City of Jerusalem, and the Temple at Mount Moriah. Thus, over seventy-five (75) percent of the Free-masonic worldview and philosophy is constructed on the building of King Salomon's Temple

Solomon builds the temple

But the historical accuracy of the Masonic Solomon’s Temple does not totally lineup with secular history or biblical history as recorded by each school of thought, from the Masonic point of view part of this historical legend is based on mere allegory, symbolism, simile, metaphor, prototype, etc.

We will talk about this in details in the next blog.

Sami Cherkaoui
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Friday, July 23, 2010

Mr. And Mrs. Ok


Some people have the tendency to believe or say yes or Ok to anything they read or hear, whether or not it is true.

These people are Mr. and Mrs. Ok.
They Okay whatever is told to them whether they mean this Okay or not.
They just Okay.

This is the Ok bias...
Me and myself: What you see is what you get (S...
There is also what is called "Wishful Thinking", which is the formation of beliefs and making decisions according to what might be pleasing to imagine instead of by appealing to evidence, rationality or reality.
Explosion of positive energy
This may lead to "Positive Outcome Bias", where people simply overestimate the likelihood of good things happening rather than the bad things.

If the "Real Outcome" is bad, then the people with "Positive Outcome Bias" relate this bad outcome to situational factors beyond their control.
Mirrored self portrait in serving tray
This "self Serving Bias", can be seen in the common human tendency to take credit for success but to deny responsibility for failure.

It may also manifest itself as a tendency for people to evaluate ambiguous information in a way that is beneficial to their interests.

When people form false associations between membership in a statistical minority group and rare (typically negative) behaviors, this would be a common example of illusory correlation.
It is the phenomenon of seeing the relationship one expects in a set of data even when no such relationship exists.

When a disagreement becomes more extreme as the different parties consider evidence on the issue, it is called Attitude Polarization.
It is one of the effects of confirmation bias, which is the tendency of people to search for and interpret evidence selectively, to reinforce their current beliefs or attitudes. 
When people encounter ambiguous evidence, this bias can potentially result in each of them interpreting it as in support of their existing attitudes, widening rather than narrowing the disagreement between them.
The effect is observed with issues that activate emotions, such as political "hot button" issues.

Over Confidence Effect is when the subjective confidence in one person is greater than the objective accuracy.

You can find this effect in people who rate their answers as 99% certain, but are wrong 30% of the time.
Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Hence they can lead to disastrous decisions, especially in organizational, military, political and social contexts.

Back to the top, don't you agree with me that despite all the weaknesses, discrepancies and variances, Mr. and Mrs. Ok are still the best?

Sami Cherkaoui
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